What effect does misfolding of proteins have on cells?

Misfolding of proteins has significant negative implications for cellular function and overall health. When proteins do not fold correctly, they can lose their functional capabilities, leading to a cascade of issues within the cell. Misfolded proteins can aggregate, forming toxic structures that disrupt normal cellular processes and communication. This dysfunction can result in a variety of diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, where misfolded proteins play a key role in disease progression.

The misfolded proteins typically fail to perform their designated tasks, which can cause a breakdown in cellular functions. These proteins may also lead to an improper response to physiological stress and can even trigger cell death in severe cases. Thus, the misfolding of proteins is directly associated with cell dysfunction and the development of various diseases, making the assertion that it causes such dysfunction and disease the correct conclusion.